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In 2024, the United States issued an unprecedented number of financial   and entity-based export controls. Washington’s ...
03/19/2025

In 2024, the United States issued an unprecedented number of financial and entity-based export controls. Washington’s economic statecraft has expanded in recent years, largely in response to ’s war in Ukraine, competition with the People’s Republic of , and tensions in the Middle East. These geopolitical developments, along with escalating concerns about deepening ties among U.S. adversaries, shaped how the United States deployed its coercive economic toolkit last year. This installment of Sanctions by the Numbers examines the United States’ use of financial sanctions—through the Treasury Department’s Specially Designated Nationals and Blocked Persons (SDN) List—and entity-based export controls—via the Commerce Department’s Entity List—in 2024.

Read the full analysis 👇

Washington’s economic statecraft has expanded in recent years, largely in response to Russia’s war in Ukraine, competition with China

03/12/2025

Join the Center for a New American Security (CNAS) on Wednesday, March 12, from 10:00–11:00 a.m. ET for a virtual event with author Eddie Fishman, adjunct senior fellow at CNAS, as he discusses this definitive account of how the United States has pioneered a powerful new form of economic warfare, reshaping global power dynamics in the process. The conversation will be moderated by Emily Kilcrease, senior fellow and director of the Energy, Economics, and Security Program.

Geopolitical developments, along with escalating concerns about deepening ties among U.S. adversaries, shaped how the Un...
03/12/2025

Geopolitical developments, along with escalating concerns about deepening ties among U.S. adversaries, shaped how the United States deployed its coercive economic toolkit last year, and reveals a growing focus on using technology controls in tandem with traditional financial sanctions.

The latest Sanctions by the Numbers examines how this shift impacts U.S. economic statecraft. Read more


Washington’s economic statecraft has expanded in recent years, largely in response to Russia’s war in Ukraine, competition with China

“The Pentagon will still need more affordable aircraft and missiles. But it must build a well-rounded fleet, not go all ...
03/11/2025

“The Pentagon will still need more affordable aircraft and missiles. But it must build a well-rounded fleet, not go all in on cheap drones.” Read more from on why Washington must upgrade its fleet of planes, drones, and missiles.

Developing strong, pragmatic and principled national security and defense policies.

As the benefits of a stronger military and diplomatic relationship between Iran and Russia trickle down to Tehran’s prox...
01/07/2025

As the benefits of a stronger military and diplomatic relationship between Iran and Russia trickle down to Tehran’s proxies across the Middle East, more frequent exchanges of technical military-industrial knowledge and personnel could equip all parties involved with an arsenal of lethal technical expertise, allowing them to use one another’s weapons more effectively on the battlefield.

Read a new op-ed from Delaney Soliday and Shivane Anand in Breaking Defense.

Developing strong, pragmatic and principled national security and defense policies.

As the Biden administration introduced a series of new trade and investment controls to curtail China’s acquisition of a...
01/07/2025

As the Biden administration introduced a series of new trade and investment controls to curtail China’s acquisition of advanced technologies, it has repeatedly turned to a familiar metaphor: a small yard with a high fence.

In a new Guest Essay for the New York Times, Geoffrey Gertz assesses the contradictions and limitations of this strategy to limit access to certain sensitive technologies without upending the broader U.S-China economic relationship. With the Trump administration preparing to return to power, it is likely to abandon the constraints of a “small yard” and deploy the toolkit the Biden team developed at full force, resulting in significant economic disruption.

Read the full article 👇

Developing strong, pragmatic and principled national security and defense policies.

"While the United States has countered other nefarious Chinese trade practices like IP theft and forced technology trans...
12/21/2024

"While the United States has countered other nefarious Chinese trade practices like IP theft and forced technology transfers, it largely overlooks China’s weaponization of antitrust, risking both U.S. tech leadership and the stability of global semiconductor supply chains."

Read more from Ruby Scanlon in Foreign Policy:

Developing strong, pragmatic and principled national security and defense policies.

"Antitrust law in the United States is guided by two foundational principles: protecting consumer welfare and promoting ...
12/19/2024

"Antitrust law in the United States is guided by two foundational principles: protecting consumer welfare and promoting competition. China has a much different approach. While American antitrust doctrine is rooted in a strong rule-of-law tradition, China’s approach is driven by geopolitics. Under the pretense of fostering market competition, Beijing has increasingly weaponized antitrust policy to retaliate against U.S. trade actions."

Read more from Ruby Scanlon in Foreign Policy:

Developing strong, pragmatic and principled national security and defense policies.

Happy Thanksgiving, from all of us at CNAS 🍂
11/28/2024

Happy Thanksgiving, from all of us at CNAS 🍂

More than 1000 days into the War in Ukraine, questions about continued support for the Ukrainian effort and the prospect...
11/25/2024

More than 1000 days into the War in Ukraine, questions about continued support for the Ukrainian effort and the prospect of a negotiated settlement in the months to come have become all the more important. Trump has refused to say that he wants Ukraine to win the war and has pledged to end the war immediately.

Rob Lee and Michael Kofman join Andrea Kendall-Taylor and Jim Townsend to discuss this and more on Brussels Sprouts.

Developing strong, pragmatic and principled national security and defense policies.

The Biden administration never put forward a plausible vision for ending the war. But it can help Trump’s worthwhile pea...
11/18/2024

The Biden administration never put forward a plausible vision for ending the war. But it can help Trump’s worthwhile peace efforts by taking long-overdue steps that would strengthen Trump’s hand at the negotiating table.

Read more from Eddie Fishman in The Washington Post:

Developing strong, pragmatic and principled national security and defense policies.

Listen to the latest episode of Derisky Business on Trump 2.0's economic security agenda.Emily Kilcrease and Geoffrey Ge...
11/14/2024

Listen to the latest episode of Derisky Business on Trump 2.0's economic security agenda.

Emily Kilcrease and Geoffrey Gertz break down how policy and personnel could impact and reshape economic ties with adversaries and allies.

Developing strong, pragmatic and principled national security and defense policies.

From Vivek Chilukuri: Policymakers are slowly awaking to a rise in China’s cyber threat and the United States’ digital v...
11/03/2024

From Vivek Chilukuri:

Policymakers are slowly awaking to a rise in China’s cyber threat and the United States’ digital vulnerability. If there is a growing consensus to expand the country’s decoupling from Chinese tech, however, there is still no clear vision for how to do so responsibly.

Read the full article from Foreign Policy:

Developing strong, pragmatic and principled national security and defense policies.

10/30/2024

On September 13, 2024, Secretary of Defense Lloyd Austin III announced seven initiatives to improve the quality of life for service members and their families. The initiatives include efforts to improve military spouse employment, increase access to childcare, lessen the burden of frequent moves, and expand access to high-speed Wi-Fi on military installations. The efforts come at a critical moment in the health of the U.S. all-volunteer force and a challenging military recruiting environment.

Please join the Center for a New American Security (CNAS) on Wednesday, October 30, at 11:00 a.m. ET for a virtual fireside chat with The Honorable Ronald T. Keohane, assistant secretary of defense for manpower and reserve affairs and The Honorable Brendan Owens, assistant secretary of defense for energy, installations, and environment. This discussion will be moderated by Katherine Kuzminski, deputy director of studies and director of the Military, Veterans, and Society Program at CNAS.

For more information visit: https://www.cnas.org/events/virtual-event-quality-of-life-for-service-members-and-their-families

"The problem is that for all the talk about how China is the “pacing challenge” and needs to be the main focus for Washi...
10/29/2024

"The problem is that for all the talk about how China is the “pacing challenge” and needs to be the main focus for Washington, the US is overstretched at this most critical juncture. The uncomfortable reality: To be able to focus on China, American commitments need to change abroad."

Read more from Carlton Haelig in Breaking Defense:

Developing strong, pragmatic and principled national security and defense policies.

"Americans are going to be bombarded in the coming days and weeks with information about the election through every poss...
10/25/2024

"Americans are going to be bombarded in the coming days and weeks with information about the election through every possible medium. In some cases, the information delivered to the device in the palm of their hand will be intended to scare them, other times to intimidate them, and often to confuse them. With an election as critical as this one, with the future direction of the country and the rule of law on the line, everyone in a position to influence the information the public receives has one overarching obligation: Give people the information they need to make an informed decision, and give it to them straight."

Carrie Cordero writes in The Bulwark:

More plain talk, and more websites rebutting lies.

In the latest edition of Sanctions by the Numbers, Rowan Scarpino and Eleanor Hume analyze the continuties between the T...
10/24/2024

In the latest edition of Sanctions by the Numbers, Rowan Scarpino and Eleanor Hume analyze the continuties between the Trump and Biden administration's economic statecraft.

Under both the Trump and the Biden administrations, the United States predominately used the SDN List to impose sanctions on Chinese persons engaged in activities supporting other adversaries of the United States. This reflects a common concern about the People’s Republic of China’s (PRC’s) ties with other authoritarian states such as Iran, Russia, and North Korea. A key distinction is the sharp increase in Russia-related SDN designations during the Biden administration following Russia’s invasion of Ukraine in 2022 and the continued efforts of the United States and partners to target entities around the world facilitating Russian sanctions and export control evasion.

The Trump administration predominately used SDN designations on Chinese persons to reinforce sanctions campaigns on Iran and North Korea. It also used SDN designations to respond to rising concerns about the plight of the Uyghurs and the status of democracy in Hong Kong.

Although countering cooperation between the PRC and Iran remained a priority under the Biden administration, the focus of its economic statecraft has recently shifted to the China-Russia nexus. In the first eight months of 2024, the Biden administration added 124 Chinese persons to the SDN List due to their connections with Russia. This coincides with warnings from a series of senior U.S. officials throughout 2024 that the United States is prepared to intensify its use of sanctions on Chinese persons supporting the Russian war effort.

At the same time, the Biden administration continues to focus on using the SDN List to counter PRC support for malign Iranian activities. This has only intensified since the outbreak of the conflict between Israel and Hamas following the October 7, 2023, terror attack on Israel, contributing to a notable increase in Chinese persons being designated on the SDN List under Iran, nonproliferation, and terrorism-related sanctions authorities during the latter half of the Biden administration.

"This year, as in 2020, 'Election Night' may very well take more than one night—it may include days or even weeks before...
10/21/2024

"This year, as in 2020, 'Election Night' may very well take more than one night—it may include days or even weeks before there is a declared winner. That period of uncertainty will be an especially important time to adopt clear messaging to counter all the bad information that will pour into the public domain, ranging from mistakes to rumors to deliberate lies."

Read more from Carrie Cordero in the Bulwark:

Developing strong, pragmatic and principled national security and defense policies.

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